♥Nov3-Nov7♥

♥This week, I have learned about the nervous system part two. This is just a continuation of the report of Christie, but it was reported by Anne.

On this topic, we have discussed the brain and its internal and external, diseases of nervous system, and other more systems that are connected on this lesson. About the brain? I can say that the brain is consist of cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain...here we can find gyrus or ridges and sulcus or grooves. Cerebrum is divided into left and right hemisphere by longitudinal fissure, here also we can find four lobes namely: frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe. On cerebellum, I can say that is is called as "littlebrain" well, it plays important role in sensory and motor activities. Brain stem is a stalk like structure inferior and covered by cerebrum.

In the brain also we can find cortex or gray matter surrounding white matter and deep islands of gray matter that is surrounded by white matter which is called nuclei. Ventricles, it is a fluid filled cavities in the brain. The diencephalon is also in the brain, it is a section of the brain which is not visible from exterior image. It consist of : thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal body, and pituitary gland. Hmm? thats all i can clearly remember and mention, some of the topics here are already discussed two weeks ago.

My comment: It would have been better if the reporter showed some picture in her report since its a power point presentation, and should have mentioned every terms clearly and not fast...also :) the picture that Sir Gregg asked us to draw is somewhat hard because im not good in drawing :). I suggest that...Sir Gregg will explain it further. :)

♥October26-October27♥

Semester break for this week :)

I don't remember any new lesson???

♥October19-October23♥

♥This week in our biology class, we didn't have any new lesson. We just have quizzes for the topic that we have discussed a week ago, like the Nervous system. We used the responder for the quiz. We enjoyed every quizzes because of the responder, we didn't feel any nervous, only excitement! All of us passed and got high score in the quiz except for Conrad :). This week also, there's a lot of shorten period that's why we haven't use our time wisely in our class. its only limited for 40 minutes. The reason why we have that limited time is because everybody needs to prepare for the upcoming event, the United Nations' Bazaar. ♥



♥That's all I can share for this week, :) ♥

♥October 12 - October 16♥

♥This week, I have learned about the "Nervous System."♥

♥Nervous system is divided into two , Central Nervous System(CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System(PNS). The CNS refers to the brain and the spinal cord while the PNS refers everything outside the brain and spinal cord. PNS is also divided into two, the Somatic or voluntary and the Autonomic. Autonomic is also divided into two, parasympathetic and sympathetic branch. Neuroglia and Neurons are in the part of Nervous tissue, neuroglia are specialized cells that allows nervous system to perform an action while the neurons is the group of cells which carries the control function of the nervous system. I also knew that the spinal cord as 31 segments, each with a pair of spinal nerves, The spinal nerves are parts of the peripheral nervous system.♥

♥My suggestion for this lesson is don't take this lesson very fast, I mean we need to focus on this section, its not just easy to understand. Please explain very well especially the reporter didn't explain well the whole topic. I hardly understand.♥

♥ October 5- October 9♥

♥This week, we have discussed about the integumentary system (reported by me :D) ♥
As part of my report, i gave them the functions of the integumentary system...well, integumentary system protects our body from invasion of disease caused by pathogens,helps the body from drying out,acts as a storage for fats, also skin provides vit. D and helps to regulate body temperature.

♥skin has its three layers : Epidermis is the first layer of the skin it has no blood vessels and is made up of smaller stratified squamous epithelium, Dermis is the second, which is more thick and denser, and Subcutaneous fascia the last layer of the skin... composed of fatty tissues and of course fats. ♥

♥Hair and nails are also part of my report in integumentary system. Nails are specialized epithelial cells originating from the nail root. Cuticle, nail body, lunula are some of its parts while the hair, it helps to regulate body temperature it also protects our sensory organs...♥

♥Burns (ouch) burns has four distinct degrees...1st degree burn damages only the epidermis, 2nd degree burn affects the whole epidermis and a portion of dermis, while 3rd degree burn damages the three layers of skin completely...4th degree burn is a kind of burn that penetrates to the bone!!!♥

♥ I also discussed the diseases with my power point presentation...the next day, they had a quiz (I'm the reporter so i don't have to take the quiz) ...this week also, we had a check up quiz for integumentary (different from the first quiz)♥

♥Second week of 2nd quarter (september 21-25)♥

♥This week we have learned about muscular system. I have learned that muscle is a general form for all contractile of tissue. there are three kinds of muscles : smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and skeletal muscle. smooth muscle are involuntary and not under our consciousness. These muscles are fond within certain organs, blood vessels, and airways. The second type of muscle is the cardiac muscle, it has a striated appearance and found within the walls of the heart. It makes up the walls of the heart to contract and also it is an involuntary muscle. The third type of muscle is the skeletal muscle, this muscle are fibrous tissues that are attached to our skeletal bones. I also learned the muscle contains a functional units called 'myofibrils' and each fiber must posses many functional contractile units called sarcomeres , this are thick and thin myofilamen.

The reporter of muscular system is Jan, well we can all see that he is not yet ready for his report though sir Gregg gave him enough time. It would have been better if he used a power point presentation as his visual aid so that his report could be easily understand.♥

♥1st week of second quarter (september 14 - september 18) ♥

This is the first week of our second quarter! finally we had a Monday class, because most of the time, there is no class on Monday's because of some special holidays. Today (Monday) we checked our periodical examination paper today. I was so happy because I got a high score on the exam! The next day (Tuesday) Frances discussed her report about skeletal system. Well, on her report i learned that the skeletal system helps us to breath (but I don't really know how), that it is the framework of the human body and it produces red blood cells. There are four classification of bones according to their appearance. Long bones -longer than they are wide, short bones -fairly equal sized in width and height, flat bones -thin bones that are flat and can be curved, and irregular bones -which are odd- shaped bones. She also discussed about the bone anatomy. The bone is covered by periosteum its the same with endosteum and then there are two kinds of bones namely yellow bone marrow and red bone marrow. She also reported about the structures of bones,how bones are formed, the joints and ligaments and the movement classification. I have a violent reaction on her report! she hasn't discussed yet the disease of the bones, the axial and appendicular skeleton. hmmm, overall her report was good and well said because she almost copied the text book =P I noticed. HAHAHA :) . Wednesday we have no biology class and then Thursday, we have but sadly Robin,Camille, Christie, Anne, and I were having a practice for the presentation for tomorrow's event (Bright Sparks of the Mind Season 5) thats why we haven't taken the quiz about the skeletal system yet. Friday? No class because of the event. =)

♥Tissue♥

The last lesson that we discussed is all about tissues ( this is kinda long one )

These are group of correlative cells that form a particular function. A collection of tissues designated to perform a specific function is called an organ. The four main types of tissues are : epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue.

♥Epithelial tissue are formed by a layer of cells that covers organ surfaces in our body. Cells in this kind of tissue are packed tightly together and is forming a sheet that has no blood vessel in it. Epithelial tissue can be classified by their shapes and arrangement. This can be squamous (flat or scale like), cuboidal (cube- shaped), columnar (column like), and transitional (stretchy and variably shaped). In arrangement there is simple if it is single layer while stratified if it has several layers. ♥

♥The second type of tissue is the connective tissue, Connective tissue are the most common of all because it can be seen in organs, bones, nerves, muscles,membranes, and skin. Its job is to hold things together and provide structure and support. The types of connective tissue are areolar tissue and adipose tissue. Areolar tissue hold the organs together and help hold other connective tissues together on the other hand, Adipose tissue is the one responsible for the proper functioning of our body, example of adipose tissue is fat. ♥

♥The third type of tissues is the muscle tissue it consist of three kinds of muscle : Skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle, and Smooth muscle. Skeletal musle are the ones attached to the bones and causes movement by contracting and relaxing. the cells in this tissue are long and fiber like with many nuclei in each cell, it is also classified as voluntary muscles because it has conscious effort to move or to relax. Cardiac musle is found in the walls of the heart. This is classified as involuntary muscle because it is unconcious by its movement. Smooth muscle tissues forms the walls of hollow organs, such as in our digestive system, this is also classified as involuntary muscle.♥

♥ The last type of tissue is nervous tissue. Nerve tissue acts as a rapid messenger service of the body. The two types of nervous tissue are neurons which acts as the conductor of information and glia (neuralgia) which supports by helping to hold neurons in place.♥

This is the last lesson of our 1st quarter period =)
For my suggestion? Uhm, none =) we really enjoyed it. We are satisfied!

♥Mitosis♥

After discussing the cell, we continue to the cell division...uhm
mitosis is the process by which eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes.
It consist of five stages, and these are interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Interphase is stage where the chomosomes are still coiled, the nuclear membrane is still present, then phrophase is the stage where the nuclear membrane slightly degenerates, the chromosomes become visible then the spindle fiber forms, the third stage is metaphase where the chromosomes line up to the middle while on the anaphase stage, the chromosomes split and the spindle fiber pulls them towards the opposite side, the last is telophase, in this stage the chromosomes have reached the opposite poles, the spindle fiber is degenerating , the nuclear membrane appears again


we had a great time discussing this because it seem like we have a contest, we raised our hand because we want to be called, we discuss this through using power point ",)

♥ The cell ♥

Of course I can still recall our lesson about cell. Cell is the basic unit of life and as we all know every living thing have it. There are two kinds of it; the eukaryotic and the prokaryotic cell (have no true nucleus). The basic unit of cell are cell membrane which acts as an protective barrier of the cell, nucleus the brain of the cell, and the cytoplasm the liquid inside the cell. Cell also contains golgi apparatus ( packaging center of the cell), mitochondria (power house of the cell) , smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum (channel transport), lysosomes (cleaner and suicidal bomb of the cell) ribosome (protein production), vacuole (water storage of the cell). Sir gregg asked us to draw this parts of cell in a one whole band paper, a drawing of a community according to the function of the parts of the cell. We enjoyed it, most of us drew a funny illustration (though we didn’t mean it, its just that its FUNNY!)

♥abdominal region♥

The second lesson that I can still recall.... is all about the abdominal region!, (actually we didn’t discuss it but it is in the book so I read it that’s why I can share it now to my blog)

... well abdominal region has nine regions, this consist of: right and left hypochondriac region right and left lumber region, right and left iliac region, epigastric region, umbilical region, and hypogastric region. Left and right hypochondriac regions are located on either side of the epigastric region and contain the lower ribs. hypoepigastric region is below the umbilical region and is opposite of epigastric region. The central region is the umbilical region which houses the naval or the belly button while the left and right lumbars are in line with lumbar vertebrate. The inguinal region (iliac) is where the body meets trunk and also known as groin region.

, aww this lesson is a bit confusing and boring =p (for me), confusing in terms used only, maybe because we are not yet medically practiced yet to say those words...

♥Anatomy and Physiology♥

♥The first lesson that we tackled is the term anatomy and physiology.
Well anatomy is the study of the internal and external structures of plants, animals, and human. There are two kinds of anatomy; these are microscopic anatomy and macroscopic anatomy (gross anatomy).

uhhm.. Microscopic anatomy is the study of structures that can be seen only by magnification agents at the same time, macroscopic anatomy or gross anatomy is the study of the structures that are visible by naked eyes.

while physiology focuses on the function and vital processes of the structures making up the human body. Anything that upsets the normal structure or functioning can be called as disease, and pathology is the study of disease. This was the first lesson taught by our teacher, I guess this was the first day and second day of the class.

♥actually i haven't attended my first day of class because O was detained because of my hair color =p

for suggestion??? none, i found it nice! haha we enjoyed the lesson =)